ABSTRACT
Appetite lowering characteristics of dairy have attracted scientists to look for its effect on energy intake particularly among children. In the present study, we tried to assess the effect of low-fat milk on total and short-term energy intake among obese boys in a randomized three-way cross-over clinical trial. A total of 34 obese 10-12-year-old boys were randomized to consume three beverages [low-fat milk, apple juice, or water] with a fixed energy breakfast for two consecutive days, 1 week apart. Ad libitumlunch was provided for subjects 5 h later. The energy intake from breakfast till lunch and total energy intake on intervention days, and 2 days after intervention were compared. Generalized linear model repeated measures procedure in which test beverages were considered as repeated factors. Energy intake from breakfast till lunch was lower when low-fat milk consumption was included in the breakfast compared with water and apple juice [adjusted mean +/- standard error: Low-fat milk = 1484.33 +/- 15.30 Kcal, apple juice = 1543.39 +/- 20.70 Kcal, water = 1606.6 +/- 19.94 Kcal; P < 0.05]. The energy intake on a day before interventions, total energy intake on intervention days, and 2 days after intervention was not statistically different between intervention periods [P > 0.05]. One serving of low-fat milk might affect the energy intake in a short-term period. The possible effect of frequent consumption of dairy products on long-term energy intake among children is needed to be examined
ABSTRACT
Thalassemia major is a hereditary anemia that becomes blood transfusion dependent. Iron overload consequence leads to multiple organ dysfunction and endocrinopathy. So deferoxamine [desferal] is used for chelation therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth rate of these patients and its correlation with endocrine complications and determine the role of secondary iron overload in these situations. This cross-sectional study was performed for a year [2010] on 280 patients [aged 3.5- 56 years] who received blood transfusion and chelation therapy at Amirkola Thalassemia Center. After basic evaluations, determination of height standard deviation, they were divided by serum ferritin level into two groups [good and poorly controlled]. They were evaluated for hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, hypoparathyroidism and hypogonadism. Next, data were analyzed. A p <0.05 was considered significant. From 280 patients with mean age of 19.6 +/- 8.5 years, 161 [57.5%] cases were female, short stature [<-2 SDS] was present in 90 cases [32.1%]. Their mean height was 151.4 +/- 17.3 cm. 162 cases [57.9%] had endocrinopathy. There was a relationship between short stature and hypoparathyroidism [p= 0.009] and hypogonadism [p= 0.005] and also diabetes mellitus [p= 0.003]; but no relationship was found between short stature and hypothyroidism [p=1.000] and serum ferritin level [p=0.091]. According to higher prevalence of hypoparathyroidism, hypogonadism and diabetes mellitus in short statured thalassemic patients, screening should be done for such disorders with more sensitivity in these patients